Tech, product and AI jargon, explained simply
Every term you'll hear on a digital project, explained in plain language: software architecture, product methods, UX, artificial intelligence and operational management.
Acceptance Criteria
The precise conditions a feature must meet to be accepted by the client.
Artificial intelligenceAgentic AI
An AI approach where autonomous agents plan, decide, and act to reach a goal, beyond simple chat.
Product & methodologyAgile Sprint
A short, fixed development cycle (often 2 weeks) at the end of which the team ships a working increment.
Artificial intelligenceAI Agent
An AI-based program able to understand a goal, make decisions, and act autonomously.
Artificial intelligenceAI Chatbot
A conversational interface powered by a language model, designed to answer user questions.
Artificial intelligenceAI Hallucination
An AI-generated answer that sounds plausible but is factually wrong or made up.
Architecture & engineeringAPI (Application Programming Interface)
The interface that lets two pieces of software exchange data and functionality.
Architecture & engineeringAPI Endpoint
A specific URL an application can call to exchange data.
Architecture & engineeringBackend
The invisible part of an application that handles data, business logic, and security.
Product & methodologyBusiness Model Canvas
A one-page chart summarizing the key components of a project's business model.
Product & methodologyCahier des charges (Spec Document)
The document that formalizes a project's needs, constraints, and goals before development starts.
Architecture & engineeringCI/CD (Continuous Integration / Deployment)
Automation that tests and deploys every code change continuously, without manual steps.
Architecture & engineeringCloud Computing
On-demand access to computing resources (servers, storage, databases) over the internet.
Architecture & engineeringCode Review
Having another developer review code before it ships.
UX & DesignCustomer Journey Map
A visual map of every step and emotion a customer goes through in their relationship with a product.
Artificial intelligenceData Engineering
The discipline that builds the pipelines that collect, clean, and make a company's data usable.
Product & methodologyDefinition of Done (DoD)
The list of criteria a feature must meet to be considered truly finished.
UX & DesignDesign System
A shared set of UI components, rules, and tokens that keeps visual consistency and speeds up development.
UX & DesignDesign Thinking
A user-centered design method structured around cycles of exploration, ideation, and testing.
Architecture & engineeringDevOps
A culture that brings development and operations teams together to ship faster and more reliably.
Architecture & engineeringDomain-Driven Design (DDD)
A software design approach that structures code around the business domain rather than technical concerns.
Artificial intelligenceEmbeddings
Numeric representations of text (or images) that capture meaning to enable semantic search.
Architecture & engineeringEvent-Driven Architecture
An architecture style where services communicate through events instead of direct calls.
Product & methodologyFeature
A single, identifiable capability of a software product.
Artificial intelligenceFine-tuning
Partially retraining an AI model on specific data so it fits a domain, tone, or task more closely.
Architecture & engineeringFramework
A pre-built set of tools and conventions that speeds up building software.
Architecture & engineeringFrontend
The visible, interactive part of an application that the user directly interacts with.
Artificial intelligenceGenerative AI
AI capable of creating original content (text, image, code) rather than just analyzing it.
Product & methodologyGrowth Hacking
An approach that rapidly tests many low-cost actions to find real growth levers.
Architecture & engineeringHeadless CMS
A CMS that manages content via an API, without dictating the front-end presentation (site, app, commerce).
Architecture & engineeringHexagonal Architecture
An architecture that isolates business logic from technical details (database, API, interface).
Business & opsKPI (Key Performance Indicator)
A numeric indicator that measures the real performance of an action or product against a goal.
UX & DesignLean UX Canvas
A tool that structures the product hypotheses to validate before building a feature.
Artificial intelligenceLLM (Large Language Model)
An AI model trained on huge volumes of text, able to understand and generate language.
Artificial intelligenceMachine Learning
A branch of AI where the model learns rules from data instead of being explicitly programmed.
Business & opsMCO (Operational Maintenance)
All the actions that keep software functional, secure, and up to date after launch.
Artificial intelligenceMCP Server
A software component that exposes your business data and tools to AI agents via the Model Context Protocol (MCP).
Architecture & engineeringMicroservices
An architecture where an application is split into independent services that can be deployed and scaled separately.
Artificial intelligenceMLOps
The practices that industrialize the machine-learning model lifecycle, from development to production.
UX & DesignMobile First
A design approach that starts with a product's mobile version before adapting it to desktop.
Product & methodologyMVP (Minimum Viable Product)
The simplest version of a product that lets you test its core hypothesis with real users.
Architecture & engineeringNestJS
A Node.js framework for building structured APIs and backends, inspired by Angular and modular architecture.
Architecture & engineeringNext.js
A React framework for building high-performance web apps, with server rendering, routing, and built-in optimizations.
Architecture & engineeringNo-code
Building functional applications without writing code, using visual configuration tools.
UX & DesignPersona
A fictional profile that represents a real user segment to guide product decisions.
Product & methodologyProduct Discovery
The research phase that validates a problem is worth solving before investing in building it.
Product & methodologyProduct Market Fit
The point where a product finally meets a real market need, and demand starts confirming itself.
Product & methodologyProduct Roadmap
The plan that lays out, over time, a product's major planned changes.
Artificial intelligencePrompt Engineering
The practice of crafting precise instructions to get reliable results from an AI model.
Product & methodologyProof of Concept (POC)
A quick technical demonstration that checks an idea is actually feasible before investing further.
Architecture & engineeringPWA (Progressive Web App)
A web app that delivers a near-native experience: installability, partial offline support, notifications.
Artificial intelligenceRAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
A technique that lets an AI model answer using a company's actual documents.
Architecture & engineeringREST API
A web API style that exposes resources over HTTP (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) with standard URLs and representations.
Business & opsReversibility Plan
The contractual terms guaranteeing you can retrieve your data and regain independence at contract end.
Business & opsROI (Return on Investment)
The ratio between what an investment returns and what it cost.
Product & methodologySaaS (Software as a Service)
Software delivered online by subscription, with no local install or infrastructure management for the customer.
Product & methodologyScrum
The most widely used agile framework, organized into sprints with defined roles and rituals.
Architecture & engineeringServerless
A hosting model where code runs on demand, without managing your own server.
Business & opsSLA (Service Level Agreement)
The contractual commitment that sets the expected service level (uptime, response time) of a provider.
Architecture & engineeringSoftware Architecture
The overall organization of a piece of software: how its components are structured and communicate.
UX & DesignStorybook
A tool that documents and tests UI components in isolation, outside the full application.
Architecture & engineeringTechnical Audit
An in-depth review of existing software to assess its quality, risks, and areas for improvement.
Architecture & engineeringTechnical Debt
The technical shortcuts taken to move fast, which slow down future development.
Business & opsTime to Market
The time between a product idea and its actual availability to users.
Business & opsTMA (Outsourced Application Maintenance)
Outsourcing the operational maintenance of an existing application to an external provider.
Product & methodologyUser Story Mapping
A visual technique that organizes a product's features around the user's actual journey.
UX & DesignUX Research
The set of methods used to understand users' real needs and behaviors.
UX & DesignValue Proposition Design
A method that precisely aligns a product's offer with its target users' real needs.
Artificial intelligenceVibe Coding
A development practice where you describe the desired outcome in natural language and an AI generates the code.
Architecture & engineeringWebhook
A mechanism where a service automatically notifies another application when an event occurs.
UX & DesignWireframing
Creating simplified mockups that define an interface's structure and hierarchy, without visual design.
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