UX Research
UX research covers the methods used to understand a product's users' real needs, behaviors, and frustrations: interviews, usability testing, usage data analysis, surveys. It grounds design decisions in observation rather than internal assumptions.
It happens at two distinct moments in a project: upfront, to frame what actually needs to be built, and continuously, once the product is in use, to adjust it. On an internal tool used by sales teams, for instance, a handful of usability tests often reveal that a screen considered simple internally actually requires several unnecessary clicks on every use, a problem invisible from the product team's desk.
A common mistake is confusing UX research with a satisfaction survey. Users rarely describe what they actually need well when asked directly; it's better to observe them using the product or completing a real task than to ask their general opinion about a feature.
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